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There’s an add-on for the Arduino IDE that allows you to program the ESP32 using the Arduino IDE and its programming language. In this tutorial we’ll show you how to install the ESP32 board in Arduino IDE whether you’re using Windows, Mac OS X or Linux. The ATA port driver uses SRBs to communicate with higher-level drivers only. To communicate with its miniport drivers, ATA port uses a packet called an IDE request block (IRB), which is defined by the IDEREQUESTBLOCK structure. IRBs are better designed than SRBs to. Hello, I'm going to put two SSD and one HDD into a desktop. They should arrive from NewEgg today. I know the SSD's need to be AHCI, but looking in the bios I see I can set SATA channels 1 - 4 as AHCI but still have the option of setting 5 & 6 as IDE.

You can use DISM to install or remove driver (.inf) files in an offline Windows or WinPE image. You can either add or remove the drivers directly by using the command prompt, or apply an unattended answer file to a mounted .wim, .ffu, .vhd, or .vhdx file.

When you use DISM to install a device driver to an offline image, the device driver is added to the driver store in the offline image. When the image is booted, Plug and Play (PnP) runs and associates the drivers in the store to the corresponding devices on the computer.

Note

To add drivers to a Windows 10 image offline, you must use a technician computer running Windows 10, Windows Server 2016, or Windows Preinstallation Environment (WinPE) for Windows 10. Driver signature verification may fail when you add a driver to a Windows 10 image offline from a technician computer running any other operating system.

To learn how to add a driver on a running Windows PC, see Add a driver online in audit mode or Install a plug and play device. To learn how to add a driver to a PC running WinPE, see Drvload command line options.

Driver types

  • .inf-style drivers: Many drivers include an information file (with an .inf extension) to help install the driver. These can be installed using tools described in this topic.
  • .exe-style drivers: Drivers without an .inf file often must be installed like typical Windows desktop applications. To learn how to add these, see Add a driver online in Audit Mode
  • Boot-critical drivers: Graphics and storage drivers may sometimes need to be added to the Windows image (as shown in this topic), as well as the Windows PE image, and in the Windows recovery (WinRE) image.

Add drivers to an offline Windows image

To add drivers to an offline image, you have to mount an image prior to adding drivers.

If you're adding drivers to a WinPE image, you can add them to the WinPE image in the output folder you specified when you ran copype, for example: C:WinPE_amd64mediasourcesboot.wim. This ensures that drivers will be included in WinPE each time you build WinPE media from that folder.

  1. Mount a Windows image. For example:

    See Mount and modify a Windows image using DISM for more info.

  2. Add a driver to the image.

    To install all of the drivers from a folder and all its subfolders, point to the folder and use the /Recurse option.

    To see all DISM driver servicing command line options, see DISM driver servicing command-line options.

Warning

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Using /Recurse can be handy, but it's easy to bloat your image with it. Some driver packages include multiple .inf driver packages, which often share payload files from the same folder. During installation, each .inf driver package is expanded into a separate folder. Each individual folder has a copy of the payload files. We've seen cases where a popular driver in a 900MB folder added 10GB to images when added with the /Recurse option.

  1. Check to see if the driver was added. Drivers added to the Windows image are named Oem*.inf. This guarantees unique naming for newly added drivers. For example, the files MyDriver1.inf and MyDriver2.inf are renamed Oem0.inf and Oem1.inf.

  2. Commit the changes and unmount the image.

Remove drivers from an offline Windows image

  1. At an elevated command prompt, mount the offline Windows image:

  2. Remove a specific driver from the image. Multiple drivers can also be removed on one command line.

Warning

Removing a boot-critical driver package can make the offline Windows image unbootable. For more information, see DISM Driver Servicing Command-Line Options.

  1. Commit the changes and unmount the image.

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Add drivers to an offline Windows image by using an unattended answer file

  1. Gather the device driver .inf files that you intend to install on the Windows image.

Note

All drivers in the directory and subdirectories that are referenced in the answer file are added to the image. You should manage the answer file and these directories carefully to address concerns about increasing the size of the image with unnecessary driver packages.

  1. Use Windows System Image Manager (Windows SIM) to create an answer file that contains the paths to the device drivers that you want to install.

    • Add the Microsoft-Windows-PnpCustomizationsNonWinPEDriverPathsPathAndCredentialsCredentials component to your answer file in the offlineServicing configuration pass.

    For each location that you intend to access, add a separate PathAndCredentials list item by right-clicking on DriverPaths in the Answer File pane and clicking Insert New PathAndCredentials.

    See Configure components and settings in an answer file for information on how to modify an answer file.

  2. For each path in Microsoft-Windows-PnpCustomizationsNonWinPE, specify the path to the device driver and the credentials that are used to access the file, if the file is on a network share.

Note

When you include multiple device driver paths by adding multiple PathAndCredentials list items, you must increment the value of Key for each path. For example, you can add two separate driver paths where the value of Key for the first path is equal to 1 and the value of Key for the second path is equal to 2.

  1. Save the answer file and exit Windows SIM. The answer file must resemble the following sample.

  2. Mount the Windows image that you intend to install the drivers to by using DISM:

    If you're working with a VHD or FFU, specify /Index:1.

  3. Apply the answer file to the mounted Windows image:

    For more information about how to apply an answer file, see DISM Unattended Servicing Command-Line Options.

    The .inf files referenced in the path in the answer file are added to the Windows image.

  4. Check to see if the driver was added. Drivers added to the Windows image are named Oem*.inf. This guarantees unique naming for newly added drivers. For example, the files MyDriver1.inf and MyDriver2.inf are renamed Oem0.inf and Oem1.inf.

    For example, type:

  5. Unmount the .wim file and commit the changes. For example, type:

If you need drivers for WinPE to see the local hard disk drive or a network, you must use the windowsPE configuration pass of an answer file to add drivers to the WinPE driver store and to reflect boot-critical drivers required by WinPE. For more information, see Add Device Drivers to Windows During Windows Setup.

Related topics

The need to install Windows from a bootable USB flash drive arises quite often, and, probably, many, faced the problem of the lack of network and WIFI drivers to access the Internet when you first start Windows after installation. Access to the Internet may be required at least to load drivers required by the operating system for the correct operation of most applications and games. It should be noted that some laptop and computer vendors attach a disk with the necessary drivers to their products. In this case, after installing the operating system, you can use such disk and now you will have enough short tutorial for creation a bootable USB stick for Windows installation using WinUSB or an instruction for experienced users to create a bootable USB flash drive with Windows manually.

If you do not have a disk with drivers, then for normal computer use, it’s not enough just to install Windows from a USB flash drive. It is necessary to ensure that there is a universal set of drivers on your bootable USB flash drive, sufficient for access to the network and download the rest of the drivers for the computer on which you install the operating system.

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Today I want to propose a new solution to the problem voiced above. Beginning with version 3.4.0.0, WinUSB has the ability not only to create a bootable USB flash drive to install Windows 7,8,10, but also to automatically download the DriverPack network program and then install it on your bootable USB drive. DriverPack network will install all necessary network drivers, after which, will offer to download the rest from the Internet. You can read more about this program on DriverPack official site.

So, let’s start, firstly, to create a bootable USB flash drive, in any case, we need an installation image or a DVD with Windows, if you do not have neither one, then you can read here how to download Windows 10 ISO from Microsoft website. Now that you have the Windows installation image, you need to download and run the latest version of WinUSB, the download will start by click of the button below.

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First you need to select a USB flash drive in the drop-down list under the name of the WinUSB version, as shown in the screenshot below. The upper horizontal line under the name of the selected flash drive will display the ratio of free and used space on the thumb drive, the lower line will show the place on the flash drive, which will be required to make it multiboot with the selected Windows distribution and the DriverPack program.

Choose Windows distribution and DriverPack program

The Windows distribution can be selected in the standard dialog box to select a file or directory by clicking one of the round buttons in the screenshot above – ISO or DVD, depending on the type of distribution that you have. After the distribution is selected, it will be displayed in the application, as shown in the screenshot below. Immediately after selecting the distribution, a small window will appear “Enter the name”, where you will be asked to specify the name of the boot menu item on your flash drive corresponding to the chosen distribution, by default there will be the name of the ISO file, or the name of Windows version for DVD.

To add DriverPack to your bootable USB drive, you need select it in the “Drivers” tab of the form that opens by clicking on the “OS & Drivers” button, as shown in the screenshot below.

After clicking on the button “Add DriverPack”, WinUSB will check that the archive with the DriverPack program is available, if the file is available for download, it will be displayed as well as the Windows distribution in the list of programs that will be burn to the USB flash drive, as it is shown in the screenshot below. It should be noted that before installing DriverPack to the bootable USB flash drive, WinUSB downloads the program archive into a temporary folder on the computer, so you need 422MB of free space on the hard disk, if the temporary space is not enough, WinUSB will warn you about it and indicate the disk on which you need to free up required space.

Well, when you chose the Driver Pack and the Windows distribution to write to the USB flash drive, it remains to indicate whether you need to format it before making it bootable.

If there is enough free space for burning Windows and DriverPack on the USB flash drive, then WinUSB can make it bootable without formatting and deleting data. If space is not enough, WinUSB will prompt you to perform formatting. In any case, you can click the “Back” button, free up additional space on the USB flash drive, deleting unnecessary files, WinUSB will notice it automatically and the next time you go to the formatting settings, you will be asked to make the USB flash drive bootable without formatting. Note, don’t ask WinUSB format to Fat32 USB drive bigger than 32Gb!

When you have selected the formatting mode, click the “Yes” button to start burning Windows with network drivers to the bootable USB drive. If you did everything as described in the article, the process of downloading and installing the DriverPack program will be started. After it is completed, WinUSB will start unpacking Windows files.

Note. When the Windows installation is complete, you can start DriverPack by launching the DriverPack.exe file in “WinUSBDriverPack” directory on your bootable USB stick.

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After the process is complete, you will see a notification, like on the screenshot below.

Excellent! Now you have a bootable USB flash drive with Windows installer and network drivers that will allow you to download all the other necessary drivers during the first operating system startup. if you need to burn more distributions on the USB stick, just repeat the process illustrated in this article without downloading DriverPack. If you will execute the process without formatting, then all new ISO files will be written next to the already existing ones on the your multiboot USB drive!

Important: Bootable flash drives created using the WinUSB program support the ability to boot in UEFI mode with the NTFS file system, but to successfully run the Windows installation, you need to disable UEFI secure boot option.

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Thank you for using WinUSB! I’ll be glad to see you again 😉





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